| Аннотация | As countries make their epidemiological transition, the contribution of behavioral risk factors to
population’s health is increased; they include challenges of low physical and medical activity, diet and
sleep violations, imbalance of work and rest, tobacco and alcohol consumption, and high stress loads. In
Russia, the situation is complicated by incomplete epidemiological transition, as well as increased
morbidity and mortality from endogenous and quasi-endogenous causes. The purpose for the article
is to analyze methodological approaches to studying the self-preservation behavior and build models
describing it for the population of the Vologda Oblast. Russian scholars A.I. Antonov, V.A. Borisov,
I.V. Zhuravleva, L.S. Shilova, G.I., Ivakhnenko, T.V. Shushunova, and A.E. Lugovoy attempt to highlight
the patterns of self-preservation behavior taking into account all or some of its elements (needs, attitudes,
motives and actions), but not considering them in a single system. For constructing models the present
study applied the method of decision tree using data from sociological surveys, which helps identify eight
possible options. As revealed, 57% of the population in the Vologda Oblast demonstrate the strategy
characterized by recognizing health as the main value, people’s concern for their health and presence
of health-preserving practices. The rest demonstrate certain behavioral risks: 21% of respondents do not
consider health as one of their life priorities, 15% – are not motivated to choose a healthy lifestyle, and
29% do not take any actions to preserve and improve their own health. It was established that lack of
health in the system of life values, low concern for health, passive use of self-preservation measures are directly related to the spread of self-destructive practices (alcohol abuse, smoking, unhealthy diet and
low physical activity). At the next stage, a survey of residents in the Vologda Oblast is planned, the results
of which will help deepen the research study by a more detailed study of patterns of self-preservation
behavior at the level of individual groups, expanding the range of behavioral risk factors under study. |
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